Year: 2020
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Medicean optics: An analysis of Raffaello’s Portrait of Pope Leo X and Two Cardinals
Vincent P. de Luise New Haven, Connecticut, United States Myopia, or nearsightedness, is the most common global eye disorder of refractive error, with significant global public health consequences.1 Along with cataract, macular degeneration, infectious disease, and vitamin A deficiency, myopia is one of the most important causes of visual impairment worldwide.1 In the United States, approximately…
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Otology in late Victorian Ireland
Tony RyanCork, Ireland Introduction Henry MacNaughton Jones (1844-1918) was born in Cork City and graduated MD at Queen’s College, Cork, in 1864. Just four years later he founded the thirty-bed Cork Ophthalmic and Aural Hospital, where he practiced as a physician and surgeon. In the first eleven years, the hospital treated over 2,000 inpatients and…
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Rehearsing lines
Catalina Florina FlorescuHoboken, New Jersey, United States CHARACTERS: EveAna TIME AND SETTING: Now, here. Two women are seated on a bench. That’s all you need to know. Plus that their name is a palindrome. Mirrored names. Make what you want out of this. EVE: What is the taste of water, dear? ANA: Excuse me? EVE:…
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COVID-19: clinico-immunologic snapshot of a coronavirus
S.E.S. MedinaBenbrook, Texas, United States A tiny mote of moisture, buoyed by silk-soft wind currents, is kicked and coaxed along a random path in space. The droplet carries a microscopic stowaway; a translucent, spherical, protein-encased, fatty bubble filled with the ostensibly lifeless essence of COVID-19, the virus known as SARS-CoV-2. Anonymous among the swirling detritus…
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Frankincense and myrrh: Medicinal resin worth more than gold
Mariel TishmaChicago, Illinois, United States Boswellia and Commiphora trees are scraggly, sharp, and unfriendly. Growing close to the ground in the arid desert, they have short trunks and fanning branches, sometimes looking more like shrubs than trees. But despite their unlikely appearance, they once served as the cornerstone of an ancient trade.1 When cut or…
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Sir Francis Walshe MD FRS
JMS PearceEast Yorks, UK Francis Martin Rouse Walshe (1885-1973) (Fig 1) was a remarkable man, that rare mixture of clinician and student of basic science. He was always in pursuit of the mechanisms and physiology of nervous disease, always questioning received dogma, and always critical of sloppy thinking and writing. Born in London of Irish…
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Mount Everest and a medical atlas
Tony RyanCork, Ireland This is a story of a medical atlas, the author, the illustrator, and her great-uncle. The book, the Atlas of the Diseases of the Membrana Tympani, was written by Dr. Henry MacNaughton Jones in 1878. This atlas of diseases of the “eardrum” was illustrated by nurse and artist, Margaret Boole. This story…
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Harry Goldblatt and the kidney
In 1928 Dr. Harry Goldblatt applied silver clamps experimentally to the renal arteries of dogs and observed a significant and sustained rise in blood pressure. His main interest as a researcher was to find a cause for hypertension, a disease for which effective treatment was not available at the time. There had been a long-standing…
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A historical analysis of the military’s method of anti-malaria health education through print
Pavane Gorrepati Iowa City, Iowa, United States The fight against malaria has largely been successful because of modern scientific advances, but during World War II the fight was supplemented by propaganda posters warning soldiers about malaria just as they were warmed against venereal diseases. Everyone was expected to aid the war effort—women to plant victory gardens…