Hektoen International

A Journal of Medical Humanities

Tag: Winter 2026

  • Akbar the Great: Medical aspects

    Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Akbar (1542–1605), known to history as Akbar the Great, was the third emperor of the Mughal dynasty and one of the most influential rulers of early modern South Asia. Ascending to the throne at the age of thirteen, he transformed a fragile empire into a vast and stable polity. His reign is remembered…

  • The lost genius of Vaslav Nijinsky

    Stephen McWilliamsDublin, Ireland Darren Aronofsky’s 2010 film Black Swan tells the tale of a dancer in the New York City Ballet’s production of Tchaikovsky’s Swan Lake. Key to the story is the ballerina’s descent into psychosis under immense pressure to compete for the leading part of the White Swan. The film, inspired in part by…

  • Polycythemia rubra vera

    Polycythemia vera is a blood cancer in which the bone marrow generates too many red blood cells. It affects about one in every 50,000 people, primarily men over sixty years old, and is somewhat more common in subjects of Ashkenazi Jewish descent than in other populations. Though classified as a malignant disease, it runs a…

  • On quadruple amputations

    Avi OhryTel Aviv, Israel Recently I read “How Losing My Limbs Turned Me into a Different Kind of Cook.”1 It is the story of Yewande Komolafe, whose two-decade career as a cook came to an abrupt end when a catastrophic sickle cell crisis led to bilateral below-the-knee and upper limb amputations. Cooking was at one…

  • Crimea: Past and present

    Crimea, on the Black Sea, has been successively inhabited by Cimmerians, Scythians, and Greeks. Around the sixth century BCE, colonists from Greece established important settlements in Crimea, such as Chersonesus (near modern Sevastopol) and Pantikapaion (modern Kerch). The Greek influence during the classical period is reflected in plays such as Euripides’ Iphigenia at Tauris, the…

  • Drs. William Brady and Alice Hamilton: Contrasts in public health reportage

    Saty Satya-MurtiJoseph LockhartSanta Maria, California, United States Alice Hamilton (1869–1970) and William Brady (1880–1972) were well-recognized physicians of the early twentieth century. They were united by a common goal in the emerging and “untilled” field of public health in the 1920s.1 Their mission was to improve health awareness and safety among the public. Their writings had…

  • Who owns a Nobel Prize? Honor, property, and ethics

    Rao UppuBaton Rouge, Louisiana, United States Every scientist harbors a quiet dream—whether openly admitted or privately held—of winning a Nobel Prize. Early in my career, I naïvely asked my late mentor, Professor William A. Pryor, a leading figure in free-radical research whose work helped shape modern oxidative biology, why he had never received one. His…

  • Forensic psychiatry in Marco Ricci’s Flight into Egypt

    Stephen MartinThailandAidan JonesUnited Kingdom The Venetian artist Marco Ricci1 (1676–1730) painted Flight into Egypt after being in serious trouble. (Fig 1) We know it was created in England because it is on two individual yard-wide canvases, strip-glued together, and not woven in continental meters. Initialed “MR” in sepia on a cream rock in the foreground,…

  • Antezana Hospital, Spain

    Mojca RamšakLjubljana, Slovenia In the center of the Spanish city of Alcalá de Henares, near Madrid, stands an exceptional institution—the Antezana Hospital, officially Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Misericordia. It is one of the oldest continuously operating hospitals in Western Europe, having functioned for more than five centuries. Today, it houses a nursing home…

  • Ancient India in 1,500 words

    Homo sapiens originated in Africa about 300,000 years ago and arrived in India in waves beginning about 65,000 years ago. Early populations were hunter-gatherers and did not adopt a sedentary way of life until about 7,000 years BCE, when they began to domesticate plants and animals. As their civilization expanded, villages grew into towns and…