Hektoen International

A Journal of Medical Humanities

Tag: code

  • Conflict about the clitoris: Colombo versus Fallopio

    Howard FischerUppsala, Sweden “The truth is rarely pure and never simple.”– Oscar Wilde The clitoris, a female genital structure anatomically homologous to the penis, was known to the ancients. In 540 BC, the Greek Hipponax made one of the earliest references to it. It was… Read more

  • Books, bangles, and bravado

    Jill KarNew Delhi, India Anandibai Joshee (Anandi) set sail from India at the age of eighteen. Bartering her bangles for books, she traded convention for an education, which was considered shameful in nineteenth-century India.1 In doing so, she was the first Indian woman to become… Read more

  • A time to live and a time to die

    Amera HassanMinneapolis, Minnesota “Well to be honest, doc, I don’t quite care whether I do live or die.” He said it so nonchalantly and he was smiling too, a crow-footed wrinkle on either side of his eyes. When this patient was first admitted to the… Read more

  • Sea sick: Naval surgery and sanitation in eighteenth-century Britain

    Melissa YeoOntario, Canada Scurvy, yellow fever, and typhus were considered “the three Great Killers of seamen.”1 Hygiene and diet were very poor aboard eighteenth-century sailing vessels, as ships were often overstocked with men to account for ensuing losses while at sea.2 The sanitation on board these… Read more

  • The origins of the word “hospital”

    Simon WeinPetach Tikvah, Israel According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word “hospital” is derived from the Old French “ospital,” meaning hostel, shelter, lodging, or shelter for the needy. The origin can be traced to the Latin “hospitale” and persists in the modern French “hôpital.”… Read more

  • Further observations on the centenary of Vegemite

    Morris OdellMelbourne, Australia The articles by doctors James Franklin and George Dunea on Vegemite and Marmite1,2 certainly struck a chord with me. Their observation that Vegemite is a symbol of Australia’s national identity barely does justice to its place in Australian culture and ethos. Although… Read more

  • Posthumous reproduction

    Ian CookeSheffield, England Family structures ensure that one’s genes are passed down through generations, but that does not always go according to plan. The opportunity may not arise because childhood or adolescent disease, notably cancer but also infections or trauma, may supervene. In 1996, I… Read more

  • Hadrian and Frank’s sign

    Vittoria SabatiniFlorence, Italy It is difficult to remain an emperor in the presence of a physician, and difficult even to keep one’s essential quality as man. The professional eye saw in me only a mass of humors, a sorry mixture of blood and lymph. This… Read more

  • Thomas Szasz

    JMS PearceHull, England “[Mental illness] is a myth, whose function it is to disguise and thus render more palatable the bitter pill of moral conflicts in human relations.”—TS Szasz (1920–2012), “The myth of mental illness”1 In a discipline as diverse as medicine, it should occasion… Read more

  • The new pandemic

    Maite LosarcosNavarra, Spain It is just another day. The traffic light is red as pedestrians cross the street before you, always in a hurry. At last, the light turns green, but just as you prepare to start the car, the world goes white. People shout,… Read more

  • What is the point?

    Aariya SrinivasanChennai, India I am yet another young doctor struggling to find a place and purpose in this world. When I was in medical school, all I could ever think about was how to get through the next exam. Most of us do. We sit… Read more

  • Fraudulent medical research and “zombie articles”

    Howard FischerUppsala, Sweden “Ninety percent of everything is crap.”– Sturgeon’s law1“Garbage in, garbage out.” – Early computer-speak for “nonsense input produces nonsense output” The publishing of studies in medical journals is based on trust. When journal editors receive a manuscript, they first look at the… Read more