Month: October 2025
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Chicago’s vanished hospitals
Hospitals, like their patients and their doctors, do not last forever. They close their doors and vanish into history. In Chicago, they failed because their patients moved to the suburbs, methods of reimbursement changed, and medicine itself keeps on evolving. Most of the hospitals listed here were not too long ago in the forefront of…
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The Latest Decalogue
Arthur Hugh Clough (1819–1861) Thou shalt have one God only; who Would tax himself to worship two? God’s image nowhere shalt thou see, Save haply in the currency: Swear not at all; since for thy curse Thine enemy is not the worse: At church on Sunday to attend Will help to keep the world thy friend: Honor thy parents; that is, all From whom…
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The last days of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales (1594–1612)
Christopher DuffinLondon, England As the eldest son of King James I (1566–1625) and Anne of Denmark (1574–1619), Henry Frederick (Fig. 1) was heir apparent to the English throne. His premature death from typhoid fever in 1612 meant that he was succeeded by his younger brother, Charles I (1600–1649). An erudite scholar, enthusiastic sportsman, and highly…
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The belief in bacteria: An early history of microbiology
Mostafa ElbabaDoha, Qatar The history of microbiology is a compelling narrative of how humanity slowly unraveled the unseen world of microscopic life. The field has fundamentally transformed medicine, biology, and human understanding of disease. But for millennia, explanations for the origins of life and the causes of illness were rooted in philosophical speculation and ancient…
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The Living Text
Simran AnandBoston, Massachusetts, United States From the open pages of a book rises a body formed from organs, a brain, DNA, molecules, and a microscope. Each element represents a piece of science—knowledge, discovery, and the study of life at every level, from cells to systems. The book at the base is deliberate: it shows how…